Janjang · Tingkatan 4
Keliru Antara Sebutan Ke-n (Tₙ) dan Hasil Tambah n Sebutan (Sₙ)
Confusing the n-th Term (Tₙ) with the Sum of n Terms (Sₙ)
Confusing the n-th Term (Tₙ) with the Sum of n Terms (Sₙ)
Soalan
The question
Apabila soalan meminta kuantiti bagi soalan atau item tertentu, gunakan rumus sebutan ke-n, Tₙ = a + (n-1)d, bukan rumus hasil tambah Sₙ. Pastikan juga semua bahagian soalan seperti ungkapan Tₙ ditulis dengan jelas sebelum menghitung nilai spesifik.
When a question asks for a specific item or term, use the n-th term formula, Tₙ = a + (n-1)d, instead of the sum formula Sₙ. Always ensure that required general expressions for Tₙ are explicitly stated before calculating specific values.
Kertas sebenar, sudah ditanda
The marked scripts
Yang salah
What went wrong
Sₙ = n/2[2a + (n-1)d] S₁₂ = 12/2[2(3) + (12-1)2] S₁₂ = 168
Yang betul
The correct working
Tₙ = 3 + (n-1)2 Tₙ = 2n + 1 T₁₂ = 2(12) + 1 T₁₂ = 25 RM25
Kenapa ramai buat silap ini
Why this happens
Kesilapan kerap berlaku apabila murid tidak mengemukakan ungkapan am Tₙ yang diminta terlebih dahulu, atau tertukar antara mencari nilai sebutan tertentu (T₁₂) dengan jumlah keseluruhan (S₁₂). Nilai bagi soalan ke-12 sahaja ialah sebutan T₁₂.
Mistakes often happen when pupils omit the requested general formula for Tₙ, or confuse calculating a specific term (T₁₂) with the cumulative sum (S₁₂). The amount won for the 12th question alone represents the term T₁₂.
Markah yang hilang
Marks lost
Kehilangan markah bagi jawapan Tₙ dan kesalahan memilih rumus Sₙ.
Loss of marks for omitting the expression for Tₙ and using the Sₙ formula incorrectly.
Chegu Khairi menanda kerja ini setiap minggu
Chegu Khairi marks this every week
Kerja rumah ditanda pada hari yang sama dan dibincangkan dalam kelas berikutnya, jadi kesalahan sebegini dapat diperbetulkan semasa latihan dan bukan berlaku semasa peperiksaan.
Homework is marked the same day and discussed in the next class, so a mistake like this one gets corrected during practice rather than happening in the exam.
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